Promote the global governance of artificial intelligence and promote AI technology to benefit all mankind.

　　On October 17, the United States issued the final rules for the export control of semiconductors to China. On the basis of the provisional rules issued on October 7 last year, the final rules further tightened the export restrictions on artificial intelligence-related chips and semiconductor manufacturing equipment to China, and added a number of China entities to the "list of entities" for export control.

　　On October 18th, China released the Global Artificial Intelligence Governance Initiative. The "Initiative" systematically expounds the plan of artificial intelligence governance in China around the development, safety and governance of artificial intelligence. The initiative clearly points out that the development of artificial intelligence should adhere to the principles of mutual respect, equality and mutual benefit, and all countries, regardless of size, strength and social system, have the right to develop and utilize artificial intelligence on an equal footing.

　　Two pieces of news reflect two directions of artificial intelligence development, two modes of global governance of artificial intelligence and two paths of human civilization development.

　　The concept of artificial intelligence began more than 60 years ago. During this period, although "Deep Blue" defeated Kasparov, the world chess champion, and AlphaGo defeated Li Shishi, the application of artificial intelligence was slow. At the end of 2022, ChatGPT was born, which was regarded by the industry as the starting point of general artificial intelligence and the turning point of strong artificial intelligence, and broke "artificial intelligence" into public view, making a new round of artificial intelligence revolution surface.

　　As early as May 2019, the United States and dozens of other countries jointly adopted the "OECD Recommendation on Artificial Intelligence", which formalized the rules for the innovation and trustworthy development and application of artificial intelligence, reflecting the combination of value dominance and technology monopoly advocated by the American artificial intelligence strategy to maintain its first-Mover advantage and the existing order of the "central-marginal" system. Even launched a "chip war" against other countries. At the same time, the application of artificial intelligence in the military is more prominent. In the discussion of the United Nations "lethal autonomous weapon system" government expert group, it always took a negative attitude and refused to accept any hard constraints.

　　The joint statement issued by the Group of Seven (G7) on May 20th this year even mentioned that it is necessary to draw a line of values to promote the development of cutting-edge science and technology, promote the implementation of artificial intelligence governance, and attempt to build a "small circle" of science and technology to prevent China from participating in the formulation of technical standards such as artificial intelligence. Coincidentally, the American-British Atlantic Declaration released on June 8 mentioned that it is necessary to build the American-British data bridge, hold the first global summit on artificial intelligence security, unite allies to introduce artificial intelligence security measures, and establish a cooperation mechanism (PETs) for privacy protection technology.

　　In short, when the intelligent era is coming and the mode of labor force participating in the international division of labor is disintegrating and changing, the United States and western countries will comprehensively carry out the global governance of emerging technologies, further widen the technological gap between North and South countries and aggravate the unequal distribution of state power, and regard it as an important field to master the right to speak and enhance global leadership in the future.

　　On the contrary, China, as one of the major bases of artificial intelligence in the world, has witnessed rapid development of artificial intelligence technology, increasingly rich data and computing resources, and expanding application scenarios. According to the report of artificial intelligence index released by Stanford University in the United States, China already has the world’s top artificial intelligence experts, and among the top ten institutions in the world that publish papers, China accounts for 9. Companies such as Tencent, Alibaba and Huawei have become the top ten companies in the field of artificial intelligence research.

　　However, China is taking another road of artificial intelligence development and global governance. As early as June 2019, the National Professional Committee for the Governance of New Generation Artificial Intelligence issued the Principles for the Governance of New Generation Artificial Intelligence-Developing Responsible Artificial Intelligence, which put forward eight principles, including harmony, friendship, fairness, tolerance and sharing, respect for privacy, safety and controllability, shared responsibility, openness and cooperation, and agile governance, to further promote global artificial intelligence governance cooperation. In 2020, the "Guidelines for the Construction of National New Generation Artificial Intelligence Standard System" made clear the definition and key scenarios of ethical standards.

　　On November 16, 2022, at the 2022 Conference of States Parties to the United Nations Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons, China submitted the China’s Position Paper on Standardizing the Military Application of Artificial Intelligence in 2021, and once again put forward a proposal on artificial intelligence governance in the United Nations, China’s Position Paper on Strengthening the Ethical Governance of Artificial Intelligence. And pointed out that artificial intelligence and ethics come first. It aims to promote the understanding and attention of the international community and enhance the global human well-being. It shows the governance principles of "people-oriented" and "intelligence for goodness" for artificial intelligence technology.

　　On October 18th, China released the Global Initiative on Artificial Intelligence Governance, which stood at the height of building a community of human destiny, systematically expounded the plan of artificial intelligence governance in China, and put forward constructive solutions to the ethical governance of artificial intelligence covering all aspects of supervision, research and development, use and the whole life cycle of artificial intelligence, providing a blueprint for relevant international discussions and rulemaking.

　　Scientific invention and technological progress have always been a "double-edged sword". As a subversive new technology, artificial intelligence has brought huge dividends to the development of human society, accompanied by realistic hazards and many challenges, and its complex influence on political, economic, military and social fields of various countries has become increasingly apparent. As UN Secretary-General Guterres cried out, the use of artificial intelligence "must be coordinated by all countries to set a red line".

　　Building a community of human destiny is the future of people all over the world, and the global governance of artificial intelligence requires the joint participation of all countries. China practices true multilateralism with the mind and responsibility that a responsible big country should have, and will, as always, adhere to the concept of common, comprehensive, cooperative and sustainable security, work hand in hand with other peace-loving countries, implement global development initiatives, global security initiatives and global civilization initiatives, promote global governance of artificial intelligence, and promote AI technology to benefit all mankind.

　　(Tian Yizong)